类型安全的虚拟现实：开发者构建健壮VR应用的指南

            // In an interaction script
public void OnObjectInteracted(GameObject obj) {
    if (obj.tag == "Key") {
        UnlockDoor();
    } else if (obj.tag == "Lever") {
        ActivateMachine();
    }
}

            

              
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            // Defines the types of interactable objects
public enum InteractableType {
    None,
    Key,
    Lever,
    Button,
    Door
}

// A component to attach to GameObjects
public class Interactable : MonoBehaviour {
    public InteractableType type;
}

            

              
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            public void OnObjectInteracted(GameObject obj) {
    Interactable interactable = obj.GetComponent<Interactable>();
    if (interactable == null) return; // Not an interactable object

    switch (interactable.type) {
        case InteractableType.Key:
            UnlockDoor();
            break;
        case InteractableType.Lever:
            ActivateMachine();
            break;
        // The compiler can warn you if you miss a case!
    }
}

            

              
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            public interface IGrabbable {
    void OnGrab(VRHandController hand);
    void OnRelease(VRHandController hand);
    bool IsGrabbable { get; }
}

            

              
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            public class MagicSword : MonoBehaviour, IGrabbable {
    public bool IsGrabbable => true;

    public void OnGrab(VRHandController hand) {
        // Logic for grabbing the sword
        Debug.Log("Sword grabbed!");
    }

    public void OnRelease(VRHandController hand) {
        // Logic for releasing the sword
        Debug.Log("Sword released!");
    }
}

            

              
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            // In your VRHandController script
private void TryGrabObject(GameObject target) {
    IGrabbable grabbable = target.GetComponent<IGrabbable>();

    if (grabbable != null && grabbable.IsGrabbable) {
        grabbable.OnGrab(this);
        // ... hold reference to the object
    }
}

            

              
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            [CreateAssetMenu(fileName = "NewWeaponData", menuName = "VR/Weapon Data")]
public class WeaponData : ScriptableObject {
    public string weaponName;
    public float damage;
    public float fireRate;
    public GameObject projectilePrefab;
    public AudioClip fireSound;
}

            

              
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            public class Weapon : MonoBehaviour {
    [SerializeField] private WeaponData weaponData;

    public void Fire() {
        if (weaponData == null) {
            Debug.LogError("WeaponData is not assigned!");
            return;
        }

        // Use the type-safe data
        Debug.Log($"Firing {weaponData.weaponName} with damage {weaponData.damage}");
        Instantiate(weaponData.projectilePrefab, transform.position, transform.rotation);
        // ... and so on
    }
}

            

              
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            // HealthComponent.h

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Components/ActorComponent.h"
#include "HealthComponent.generated.h"


UCLASS( ClassGroup=(Custom), meta=(BlueprintSpawnableComponent) )
class VRTUTORIAL_API UHealthComponent : public UActorComponent
{
    GENERATED_BODY()

public:	
    UHealthComponent();

protected:
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = "Health")
    float MaxHealth = 100.0f;

    UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = "Health")
    float CurrentHealth;

public:	
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable, Category = "Health")
    void TakeDamage(float DamageAmount);
};

// HealthComponent.cpp
// ... implementation of TakeDamage ...

            

              
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            function highlightObject(object) {
    // What is 'object'? A Mesh? A Group? A Light?
    // We hope it has a 'material' property.
    object.material.emissive.setHex(0xff0000);
}

            

              
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            import { Mesh, Material } from 'three';

// We can create a type for meshes that have a material we can change
interface Highlightable extends Mesh {
    material: Material & { emissive: { setHex: (hex: number) => void } };
}

function highlightObject(object: Highlightable): void {
    // The compiler guarantees that 'object' has the required properties.
    object.material.emissive.setHex(0xff0000);
}

// This will cause a compile-time error if myObject is not a compatible Mesh!
// highlightObject(myLightObject);

            

              
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            interface VRControllerState {
    id: number;
    handedness: 'left' | 'right';
    position: { x: number, y: number, z: number };
    rotation: { x: number, y: number, z: number, w: number };
    buttons: {
        trigger: { pressed: boolean, value: number };
        grip: { pressed: boolean, value: number };
    };
}

let leftControllerState: VRControllerState | null = null;

function updateControllerState(newState: VRControllerState) {
    // We are guaranteed that newState has all the required properties
    if (newState.handedness === 'left') {
        leftControllerState = newState;
    }
    // ...
}

            

              
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